Organizational Legitimacy by Emilio Díez-De-Castro & Marta Peris-Ortiz

Author:Emilio Díez-De-Castro & Marta Peris-Ortiz
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

Procedure and Information Collection Instruments

Regarding management systems, as in the majority of previous investigations related to these systems (Sampaio et al., 2009), a questionnaire was sent by e-mail to those responsible for the management and/or social responsibility systems of each of the 35 companies that made up the IBEX 35 , completing the information received from 29 of them through the data available on their corporate website.

Regarding legitimacy, it was measured globally , that is, without differentiating its dimensions . For this, the content analysis in written press was used, since it is considered an adequate instrument to identify the opinion of the social environment , because it influences and reflects the values of a culture (Dowling & Pfeffer, 1975) and was considered in previous studies (Bansal & Clelland, 2004; Deephouse, 1996; Li, Yang, & Yue, 2007). As a source of information, a single newspaper was used to avoid duplication of news. In particular, the digital edition of the newspaper El País was used for two main reasons: firstly, according to data from the General Media Survey (EGM) from October 2014 to May 2015, prepared by the Association of Media Research (AIMC), it is second in the ranking readership/day, only below Marca, a sports newspaper; secondly in the ranking of Internet sites, the digital edition of El País is in the third place (behind YouTube and Marca), with 5195 visitors in the last 30 days, being the first generalist newspaper in the ranking; the major national newspaper of general information is in the third place, according to the Office of Justification of Diffusion (OJD). The analysis of the different articles was done through the database provided by elpais.com ./tag Web.

In relation to reputation, the MERCO index (corporate monitor of corporate reputation) was the information source, since it is one of the reference monitors in the world and it has been chosen by several empirical publications in Spain (Fernández-Sánchez & Luna-Sotorrío, 2007; Delgado-García, Quevedo-Puente, & Díez-Esteban, 2013).

Finally, two databases of great relevance were used for the measurement of financial performance due to the financial information provided: SABI and Bankscope. Return on assets (ROA) was chosen, since it was a very recurrent indicator in previous research related to management systems, legitimacy and reputation (Bansal & Clelland, 2004; De Jong, Paulraj, & Blome, 2014; Gallego, Prado, Rodríguez, & García, 2010).

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